Some individuals may be more belligerent than others and there exist reports of apparent alliances with other species such as Chromobotia macracanthus. While small specimens tend to hide away much of the time they become increasingly territorial as they grow and can display particularly high levels of aggression towards similar-looking species. bicolor but tankmates must still be chosen with care. Behaviour and Compatibility Top ↑Ī slightly better choice for the community tank than E. To find other high quality, highly recommended foods click here. PH: Happy within the range 6.5 – 8.0 but a value close to neutral is usually recommended. Like many fishes that naturally inhabit running water it’s quite intolerant to the accumulation of organic wastes and does best if there is a high level of dissolved oxygen and moderate water movement. Bright lighting will promote the growth of algae and associated microorganisms, upon which the fish will graze. This can be further furnished with driftwood roots and branches plus aquatic plants from genera such as Microsorum, Bolbitis or Anubias which can be grown attached to the décor. However it will thrive in a set-up designed to resemble a flowing river with a substrate of variably-sized rocks, gravel and some larger, water-worn boulders. Provided sufficient cover is available this species is relatively unfussy in terms of décor, and should not harm softer-leaved plants. Other aquarium filters which have been recommended highly by customers in your area can be found here. ![]() Maximum Standard LengthĪn aquarium with base measurements of 120 ∗ 45 cm should be the smallest considered for a single specimen, with larger quarters necessary for a group. It is these migratory patterns that are thought to have been disrupted by human development. Has most often been observed grazing sandy or rocky substrates in streams and rivers and is known to move into seasonally inundated floodplains or forested areas during the wet season. Wild examples are almost certainly unavailable in the aquatic trade with 100% of those seen on sale likely to originate from commercial farms in Thailand and other countries. While overfishing for the aquatic trade has been widely blamed for its demise there exists no evidence to support this and instead it’s probable that large scale environmental change such as damming of major rivers and draining of swampland have interfered with its breeding cycle. munense in the Mekong, whereas Kottelat (1998) reports it from the lower Xe Bangfai in the middle Mekong. There also exist incongruent opinions regarding its range with Yang and Winterbottom considering it restricted to the Mae Klong and Chao Phraya watersheds, being replaced by E. Reports suggest it hasn’t been seen in the upper Mae Klong river within the last ten years, for example. ![]() The true extent of its current distribution is unclear as many populations have dwindled in numbers or even vanished completely over the last few decades. In Cambodia it supposedly occurs in the lower Mekong at least as far downstream as the capital Phnom Penh and has also been collected from the Tonlé Sap system, although these records may refer to E. Laos populations are restricted to the Mekong drainage both above and below the Khone Phapheng Falls including the lower Xe Bangfai, which was one of the few remaining pristine rivers in Laos before being dammed in 2009/10. Type locality is ‘Chieng Mai, northern Thailand’. Reportedly native to Thailand, Laos and Cambodia and was once widespread particularly in Thailand where it’s been recorded from the Mae Klong, Chao Phraya and Mekong river basins with occurences in the provinces of Chiang Mai, Phrae, Phitsanulok, Nakhon Sawan, Chainat, Kanchanaburi, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, Nakhon Ratchasima and Ubon Ratchathani. Order: Cypriniformes Family: Cyprinidae Distribution ![]() Labeo frenatus Fowler, 1934 Epalzeorhynchus frenatus (Fowler, 1934) Labeo erythrura Fowler, 1937 EtymologyĮpalzeorhynchos: From Epalzeo-, which has an unconfirmed derivation and meaning but is often reported incorrectly to denote ‘curative’ (it may actually mean ‘horn’ in reference to a cone-shaped protuberance on the snout of Epalzeorhynchos spp.), and the Ancient Greek ρυνχος (rhynchos), meaning ‘snout, beak’.įrenatum: from the Latin frenatus, meaning ‘bridled’, in reference to the conspicuous black “bridle-like” band extending from the snout to the eye. Epalzeorhynchos frenatum (FOWLER, 1934) Rainbow Shark Synonyms Top ↑
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